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The TIA Glossary of Telecommunication Terms provides definitions and explanations for more than 5,800 engineering words and phrases in the ICT industry. Arranged alphabetically, and searchable by term, the glossary—originally based upon the Federal Standard 1037C Glossary of Technological Terms—is a dependable guide to unfamiliar vocabulary from “A” to “Zone of Silence.” Moreover, glossary items are cross-linked, so that unfamiliar terms in one definition are quickly accessible. And because it’s housed entirely online, the Glossary is available wherever an internet connection exists.
In telephony, an arrangement that uses separate leads, called the "E" lead and "M" lead, for signaling and supervisory purposes. Note 1: The near end signals the far end by applying -48 vdc to the "M" lead, which results in a ground being applied to the far end's "E" lead. When -48 vdc is applied to the far end "M" lead, the near-end "E" lead is grounded. Note 2: The "E" originally stood for "ear," i.e. , when the near-end "E" lead was grounded, the far end was calling and "wanted your ear." The "M" originally stood for "mouth," because when the near-end wanted to call (i.e. , speak to) the far end, -48 vdc was applied to that lead.
Source: Federal Standard 1037C - August 7, 1996: Glossary of Telecommunication Terms